For the avoidance of doubt, all the images, text and graphics on this site are

by Alan Mackie

and are Copyright © Alan W. Mackie

and all Moral Rights are asserted.

Just click the text in bold below and send an email with your name, address, business name or website URL and the details of your question.

Click here if you wish to ask anything about copyright licences.

Thanks.

It is the legal responsibility of any person publishing anything to ensure that they are doing so legally and with the licence of the copyright owner. The law insists that you ask beforehand.

Additionally, it's not a defence to a claim of copyright infringement to plead that the image was supplied to you by another business, company or person. In the words of the law "it is immaterial whether any intervening acts themselves infringe copyright".

Like most other photographers any use of images or text copied illegally from this site will result in payment being sought to compensate for the infringing use by legal action if necessary.

Any business or individual publishing any image(s) or text copied from this website in any form or medium without seeking prior permission and paying for a licence to do so can subsequently expect a claim for at least £500 (five hundred pounds sterling) for each year or any part of a year for each and every separate instance of the use of each image.

If any unauthorised or unlicensed use fails to identify the copyright and moral rights owner of the image(s) then the minimum claim will be at least £1,000 (one thousand pounds sterling) for each year or any part of a year for each and every separate instance of the use of each image.

Any person falsely claiming copyright ownership of infringing material copied without permission either as an individual image or as a general assertion is in line for even higher damages claims.

These same rates will also be applied to any text used under the same circumstances.

The normal charges for the use of 197 aerial photography's images and text are based on industry standard prices for rights-managed high quality aerial photography and at present are in the region of £420 per year for website use and around £200 to £350 for other low to medium volume print uses. In all cases the copyright owner must be identified alongside the image or text used (unless a surcharge has been applied to the copyright license fee) to avoid considerable extra cost, in line with current industry practice.

Website use is world wide publishing and prices reflect that fact. Anything posted on any website can potentially be seen in any country of the world and it would be an error to assume that there is such a thing as a "local" website. It is called the world wide web for a very good reason.

The above rates regarding unauthorised use do not of course apply to clients who license our work. Our terms of trading (available on request to potential clients) applies to all legitimate and contracted use. Agents and representatives authorised to sell licences on behalf of 197 aerial photography may have different and more stringent terms of trading.

You can see from the above that it is cheaper, safer and a lot less trouble to seek permission before using any copyrighted material rather than afterwards.

Please note that we do not differentiate between commercial and non-commercial uses. The photographs cost us the same to produce regardless of the eventual use and that is reflected in the pricing.

Any requests for licences for free use of our images or text will be refused.

In keeping with industry trends and common practice the IP addresses (their unique web and internet location) and other details of visitors to this website and the pages they have viewed are stored in website log files.

Details of this access are protected in the U.K. by the Data Protection Act.